Compare Hungary (2004) - Micronesia, Federated States of (2003)

Compare Hungary (2004) z Micronesia, Federated States of (2003)

	Hungary (2004)	Micronesia, Federated States of (2003)

Administrative divisions	19 counties (megyek, singular - megye), 20 urban counties (singular - megyei varos), and 1 capital city (fovaros) counties: Bacs-Kiskun, Baranya, Bekes, Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen, Csongrad, Fejer, Gyor-Moson-Sopron, Hajdu-Bihar, Heves, Jasz-Nagykun-Szolnok, Komarom-Esztergom, Nograd, Pest, Somogy, Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg, Tolna, Vas, Veszprem, Zala urban counties: Bekescsaba, Debrecen, Dunaujvaros, Eger, Gyor, Hodmezovasarhely, Kaposvar, Kecskemet, Miskolc, Nagykanizsa, Nyiregyhaza, Pecs, Sopron, Szeged, Szekesfehervar, Szolnok, Szombathely, Tatabanya, Veszprem, Zalaegerszeg capital city: Budapest	4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap
Age structure	0-14 years: 16% (male 826,032; female 782,687) 15-64 years: 69% (male 3,407,931; female 3,517,450) 65 years and over: 15% (male 545,488; female 952,787) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 38.4% (male 21,163; female 20,335) 15-64 years: 58.5% (male 31,746; female 31,477) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 1,558; female 1,864) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	wheat, corn, sunflower seed, potatoes, sugar beets; pigs, cattle, poultry, dairy products	black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), betel nuts, sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens
Airports	43 (2003 est.)	7 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 18 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 8 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 26 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 11 under 914 m: 9 (2004 est.)	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 93,030 sq km land: 92,340 sq km water: 690 sq km	total: 702 sq km land: 702 sq km water: 0 sq km (fresh water only) note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie)
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Indiana	four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)
Background	Hungary was part of the polyglot Austro-Hungarian Empire, which collapsed during World War I. The country fell under Communist rule following World War II. In 1956, a revolt and announced withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact were met with a massive military intervention by Moscow. Under the leadership of Janos KADAR in 1968, Hungary began liberalizing its economy, introducing so-called "goulash Communism." Hungary held its first multiparty elections in 1990 and initiated a free market economy. It joined NATO in 1999 and the EU in 2004.	In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid.
Birth rate	9.77 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	26.47 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $35 billion expenditures: $39.88 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)	revenues: $161 million ($69 million less grants) expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)
Capital	Budapest	Palikir
Climate	temperate; cold, cloudy, humid winters; warm summers	tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	6,112 km
Constitution	18 August 1949, effective 20 August 1949, revised 19 April 1972; 18 October 1989 revision ensured legal rights for individuals and constitutional checks on the authority of the prime minister and also established the principle of parliamentary oversight; 1997 amendment streamlined the judicial system	10 May 1979
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Hungary conventional short form: Hungary local long form: Magyar Koztarsasag local short form: Magyarorszag	conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia conventional short form: none former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands) abbreviation: FSM
Currency	forint (HUF)	US dollar (USD)
Death rate	13.16 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	5.1 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$42.38 billion (2003 est.)	$53.1 million (FY 02/03 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador George Herbert WALKER embassy: Szabadsag ter 12, H-1054 Budapest mailing address: pouch: American Embassy Budapest, 5270 Budapest Place, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-5270 telephone: [36] (1) 475-4400 FAX: [36] (1) 475-4764	chief of mission: Ambassador Larry M. DINGER embassy: address NA, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Andras SIMONYI chancery: 3910 Shoemaker Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 362-6730 FAX: [1] (202) 966-8135 consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York	chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam)
Disputes - international	Hungary amended the status law extending special social and cultural benefits to ethnic Hungarians in neighboring states, who had objected to the law; Slovakia and Hungary have renewed discussions on ways to resolve differences over the Gabcikovo-Nagymaros hydroelectric dam on the Danube, with possible resort again to the ICJ for final resolution	none
Economic aid - recipient	ODA $250 million (2000)	under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001
Economy - overview	Hungary has made the transition from a centrally planned to a market economy, with a per capita income one-half that of the Big Four European nations. Hungary continues to demonstrate strong economic growth and joined the European Union in May 2004. The private sector accounts for over 80% of GDP. Foreign ownership of and investment in Hungarian firms are widespread, with cumulative foreign direct investment totaling more than $23 billion since 1989. Hungarian sovereign debt was upgraded in 2000 to the second-highest rating among all the Central European transition economies. Inflation has declined substantially, from 14% in 1998 to 4.7% in 2003; unemployment has persisted around the 6% level. Germany is by far Hungary's largest economic partner. Short-term issues include the reduction of the public sector deficit and further increasing the flexibility of the labor markets.	Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location, a lack of adequate facilities, and limited air connections hinder development. In November 2002, the country experienced a further reduction in future revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement with the US in which Micronesia received $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due not only to the reduction in US assistance but also to the slow growth of the private sector. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth.
Electricity - consumption	35.15 billion kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	7.261 billion kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - imports	10.43 billion kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production	34.39 billion kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 0% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0%
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Tisza River 78 m highest point: Kekes 1,014 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m
Environment - current issues	the upgrading of Hungary's standards in waste management, energy efficiency, and air, soil, and water pollution with environmental requirements for EU accession will require large investments	overfishing, climate change, pollution
Environment - international agreements	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Hungarian 89.9%, Roma 4%, German 2.6%, Serb 2%, Slovak 0.8%, Romanian 0.7%	nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups
Exchange rates	forints per US dollar - 224.307 (2003), 257.887 (2002), 286.49 (2001), 282.179 (2000), 237.146 (1999)	the US dollar is used 1
Executive branch	chief of state: Ferenc MADL (since 4 August 2000) head of government: Prime Minister Ferenc GYURCSANY (since 29 September 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the president elections: president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term; election last held 6 June 2000 (next to be held by June 2005); prime minister elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the president; election last held 29 September 2004 election results: Ferenc MADL elected president; percent of legislative vote - NA% (but by a simple majority in the third round of voting); Ferenc GYURCSANY elected prime minister; percent of legislative vote - 197 to 12 note: to be elected, the president must win two-thirds of legislative vote in the first two rounds or a simple majority in the third round	chief of state: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators at large for four-year terms; election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held NA May 2007); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed election results: Joseph J. URUSEMAL elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA%; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA%
Exports	47,180 bbl/day (2001)	$22 million (f.o.b.) (FY 99/00 est.)
Exports - commodities	machinery and equipment 57.6%, other manufactures 31.0%, food products 7.5%, raw materials 1.9%, fuels and electricity 1.9% (2001)	fish, garments, bananas, black pepper
Exports - partners	Germany 34.1%, Austria 8%, Italy 5.8%, France 5.7%, UK 4.5%, Netherlands 4.1% (2003)	Japan, US, Guam (2000)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 October - 30 September
Flag description	three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and green	light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern
GDP	purchasing power parity - $139.8 billion (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $277 million note: $277 million $277 million GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 3.3% industry: 32.5% services: 64.2% (2003 est.)	agriculture: 50% industry: 4% services: 46% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $13,900 (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	2.9% (2003 est.)	1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	47 00 N, 20 00 E	6 55 N, 158 15 E
Geography - note	landlocked; strategic location astride main land routes between Western Europe and Balkan Peninsula as well as between Ukraine and Mediterranean basin; the north-south flowing Duna (Danube) and Tisza Rivers divide the country into three large regions	four major island groups totaling 607 islands
Heliports	5 (2003 est.)	-
Highways	total: 188,203 km paved: 81,680 km (including 438 km of expressways) unpaved: 106,523 km (1999)	total: 240 km paved: 42 km unpaved: 198 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 4.1% highest 10%: 20.5% (1998)	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and cannabis and for South American cocaine destined for Western Europe; limited producer of precursor chemicals, particularly for amphetamine and methamphetamine; improving, but remains vulnerable to money laundering related to organized crime and drug trafficking	-
Imports	136,600 bbl/day (2001)	$149 million f.o.b. (FY 99/00 est.)
Imports - commodities	machinery and equipment 51.6%, other manufactures 35.3%, fuels and electricity 8.2%, food products 2.9%, raw materials 2.0% (2001)	food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages
Imports - partners	Germany 24.5%, Italy 7.1%, China 6.9%, Austria 6.3%, Russia 6.2%, France 4.8%, Japan 4.2% (2003)	US, Australia, Japan (2000)
Independence	1001 (unification by King Stephen I)	3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate	6.4% (2003 est.)	NA%
Industries	mining, metallurgy, construction materials, processed foods, textiles, chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals), motor vehicles	tourism, construction, fish processing, specialized aquaculture, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls
Infant mortality rate	total: 8.68 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.34 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: 32.39 deaths/1,000 live births male: 35.65 deaths/1,000 live births female: 28.97 deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4.7% (2003 est.)	1% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	Australia Group, BIS, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA (cooperating state), EU (new member), FAO, G- 9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MINURSO, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WCO, WEU (member affiliate), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO, ZC	ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFRCS (associate), IMF, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	2,100 sq km (1998 est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Constitutional Court (judges are elected by the National Assembly for nine-year terms)	Supreme Court
Labor force	4.164 million (2003)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 8%, industry 27%, services 65% (1996)	two-thirds are government employees
Land boundaries	total: 2,171 km border countries: Austria 366 km, Croatia 329 km, Romania 443 km, Serbia and Montenegro 151 km, Slovakia 677 km, Slovenia 102 km, Ukraine 103 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 50.09% permanent crops: 2.06% other: 47.85% (2001)	arable land: 5.71% permanent crops: 45.71% other: 48.58% (1998 est.)
Languages	Hungarian 98.2%, other 1.8%	English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi
Legal system	rule of law based on Western model	based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch	unicameral National Assembly or Orszaggyules (386 seats; members are elected by popular vote under a system of proportional and direct representation to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 7 and 21 April 2002 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party (5% or more of the vote required for parliamentary representation in the first round) - Fidesz/MDF 48.70%, MSzP 46.11%, SzDSz 4.92%, other 0.27%; seats by party - Fidesz 164, MSzP 178, MDF 24, SzDSz 20	unicameral Congress (14 seats; members elected by popular vote; four - one elected from each state to serve four-year terms; and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population to serve two-year terms) elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2007); elections for two-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 72.25 years male: 68.07 years female: 76.69 years (2004 est.)	total population: 69.13 years male: 67.39 years female: 70.95 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.4% male: 99.5% female: 99.3% (2003 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.)
Location	Central Europe, northwest of Romania	Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia
Map references	Europe	Oceania
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 7,568 GRT/10,025 DWT by type: cargo 2 registered in other countries: 8 (2004 est.)	none note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: US 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	-	Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense
Military branches	Ground Forces, Air Forces	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$1.08 billion (2002 est.)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.75% (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 2,519,052 (2004 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 2,011,750 (2004 est.)	-
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 64,426 (2004 est.)	-
National holiday	Saint Stephen's Day, 20 August	Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)
Nationality	noun: Hungarian(s) adjective: Hungarian	noun: Micronesian(s) adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese
Natural hazards	-	typhoons (June to December)
Natural resources	bauxite, coal, natural gas, fertile soils, arable land	forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals
Net migration rate	0.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-20.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines	gas 4,397 km; oil 990 km; refined products 335 km (2004)	-
Political parties and leaders	Alliance of Free Democrats or SzDSz [Gabor KUNCZE]; Hungarian Civic Alliance or Fidesz-MPP [Viktor ORBAN, chairman]; Hungarian Democratic Forum or MDF [Ibolya DAVID]; Hungarian Democratic People's Party or MDNP [Erzsebet PUSZTAI, chairman]; Hungarian Socialist Party or MSzP [Istvan HILLER, chairman]; Hungarian Workers' Party or MMP [Gyula THURMER, chairman]	no formal parties
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	10,032,375 (July 2004 est.)	108,143 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	8.6% (1993 est.)	26.7%
Population growth rate	-0.25% (2004 est.)	0.04% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Budapest, Dunaujvaros, Gyor-Gonyu, Csepel, Baja, Mohacs (2003)	Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen
Radio broadcast stations	AM 17, FM 57, shortwave 3 (1998)	AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	total: 7,937 km broad gauge: 36 km 1.524-m gauge standard gauge: 7,682 km 1.435-m gauge (2,628 km electrified) narrow gauge: 219 km 0.760-m gauge (2003)	0 km
Religions	Roman Catholic 67.5%, Calvinist 20%, Lutheran 5%, atheist and other 7.5%	Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.57 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	1.05 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: the telephone system has been modernized and is capable of satisfying all requests for telecommunication service domestic: the system is digitalized and highly automated; trunk services are carried by fiber-optic cable and digital microwave radio relay; a program for fiber-optic subscriber connections was initiated in 1996; heavy use is made of mobile cellular telephones international: country code - 36; Hungary has fiber-optic cable connections with all neighboring countries; the international switch is in Budapest; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean regions), 1 Inmarsat, 1 very small aperture terminal (VSAT) system of ground terminals	general assessment: adequate system domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use	3,666,400 (2002)	11,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	6,862,800 (2002)	newly installed in Pohnpei and Yap
Television broadcast stations	35 (plus 161 low-power repeaters) (1995)	2 (1997)
Terrain	mostly flat to rolling plains; hills and low mountains on the Slovakian border	islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk
Total fertility rate	1.31 children born/woman (2004 est.)	3.5 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	5.9% (2003 est.)	16% (1999 est.)
Waterways	1,622 km (most on Danube River) (2004)	none

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